Failing toilet pump - black water flowing back into the toilet

 In our boat we have a toilet with the manual pump. There are pros and cons. One advantage is that there are few things that can fail. A failing toilet is somewhat critical, especially if you have only one toilet onboard. We have not yet experienced a full failure, so maybe the advantages have come our way. I have two friends with electric toilets, and both of them have experienced full failure, including flow of feces on the floor and putting fingers into areas filled with such substances. However, around every second year or so, we experience that the black water flows slowly back into the toilet after flushing. Maybe this is just periodic maintenance that must be accounted for. 

Toilet and pump, before starting the dirty work

There are a few options to prevent the flowback of black water. 
1) Replace the joker valve only (approx €10)
2) Replace the full kit of gaskets and the joker valve (approx €70)
3) Replace the entire pump (approx €140)

First time I attempted to fix the flowback issue, I replaced the joker valve only. This had little or no effect. 
Joker valves

Second time, I bought and replaced the entire gasket kit. This was effective, but only for a few weeks. After a few weeks the problem returned. At third attempt, I decided to go for a brand new pump. The cost of a brand new pump is approx double of the gasket replacement kit. When replacing the gaskets, one has to handle old gaskets with a layer of matter that has passed through human bodies. Not very delicate, and the hands feels dirty even after multiple hand washes. Replacing the entire pump is a very clean and easy job, done within 30 minutes. The only possible dirtyness is the outflow of black water when loosening the waste water hose from the pump. Pumping a lot of clean water through before starting will eliminate this issue, and the flow of water is more or less clean and no bad smell. I will still recommend a hand wash afterwards though. 

Short summarised: Spend the additional €70 and replace the entire pump. It is easier, quicker and cleaner. And if anyone have tips on how to make the pump and joker valve last for more than two years, I would really appreciate feedback. 
Pump removed. No dirty water and no bad smell. 






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